Project management, Program management and Portfolio management: PMP/CAPM

Mudassir IqbalMay 18, 2020PMP ConceptsNo comments

“Project management., program management, portfolio management and operations managed as a group to achieve strategic objectives. ” PMBOK

A project is a temporary endeavour undertaken by a company or organization (such as the creation of a new product, service, or result)
A program is a group of projects that are similar or related to one another, and which are often managed and coordinated as a group instead of independently
A portfolio is a collection of different programs and/or projects and/or operations within the same organization, which may be related or unrelated to one another but is managed as a group to achieve strategic objectives,

Project

The project can be every size imaginable in virtually every industry, and project managers supervise them regardless of these specifics.

A project may be managed in three separate scenarios:

Stand-alone project (Outside of a portfolio or program)
within a program
within a portfolio

Project Manager

He is responsible for meeting the project objectives with the resources that are available

Project management

is the application of knowledge, skills, tools, and techniques to meet project requirements.

Project management focuses on interdependencies within a project to determine the optimal approach for managing the project

Program

As a project, a program is a temporary organization, so when the related projects are complete, the program is complete. Programs are not large projects and have a business case as the project initiation document

Program Management

is The application of knowledge and skills to achieve program objectives and to obtain benefits and control not available by managing related program components individually.

Program Manager

doesn’t micromanage those projects; he or she is helping ensure that the right work is moving between the right projects at the right points in time. HE or she focuses on , on the business benefits realization. He is to ensure that the benefits are not only transitioned to operations but that processes are in place to sustain these benefits. The program manager is responsible for overseeing the dependencies between projects and creating program-level plans to accomplish this

Each project still has a project manager completing the work described. Projects which are not providing value are either realigned or removed from the program.

Portfolio

Portfolios are designed to critically look at programs and projects, not at the individual level but holistically to know how these align with the organization’s overarching goals

Monitoring and controlling are key to the process since portfolio composition is not a one-time decision. Evaluations should be conducted in some regular cadence.

Project management program management portfolio management

Program and project management focuses on doing programs and projects the “right” way, and Portfolio management focuses on doing the “right” programs and projects.

Project management is focused on delivering a specific project within a defined scope.
Program management is focused on managing a group of related projects to achieve a common objective.
Portfolio management is focused on managing a collection of projects and programs to achieve strategic objectives.

Factors	Projects	Programs	Portfolios
	Temporary Unique	Related projects Shared goal	Collection of Project, Programs and Operations Strategic business objectives
	Well Defined structure	greater levels of uncertainty	Loosely correlated to achieve business objectives
Monitoring and Control	Project management is in charge of taking care of the project and its deliverables.	It has a defined scope which alters and is improved upon as the project moves forward.	Using program governance, the program manager monitors and controls the program.
Scope	The program schedule is essentially the aggregation of the schedule of the program components	It has a wider scope and is focused on the benefits.	The scope is driven by the strategic business objective, which the portfolio was meant to address.
Success criteria	Success is measured by the product quality, time of delivery, budget compliance, and degree of customer satisfaction.	The level to which it satisfies the needs and benefits for which it was started decides the level of success of programs.	Success is measured regarding the collective performance of its components, and on the benefits, it inflicts on the stakeholders and investors.
Schedule	Project schedule is the time taken to create the results expected out of the project	The project schedule is the time taken to create the results expected out of the project	The portfolio does not have a schedule. Individual program or projects associated with it will have their schedules
Length	Might be years long, but are not very long in general	Usually Long as contains multiple projects with larger impacts

A project manager works to deliver a project efficiently and reliably. They are responsible for the day-to-day management that brings a project to fruition. Program managers are more concerned with strategic alignment: Understanding what individual project managers are doing and enabling effective communication between them in order to understand where projects are and in order to provide support where necessary. Portfolio managers, meanwhile, coordinate between various programs in order to ensure that things stay on track and that the organization is meeting its overarching strategic initiatives.

Put another way, projects fit within larger programs, which themselves fit within portfolios. Or A project is the lowest level in the hierarchy of project, program, and portfolio. A project can be a part of a program, but a program cannot be a part of a project.

The portfolio is about the collection, Programs about relationships and
The project is temporary and Unique

An example by Alvin Soltis on his blog pmfiles.com

References

Mudassir Iqbal

Mudassir, the COO of AnaConEx Solutions, oversees operations across Pakistan, UAE, KSA, and the USA. With over 50 successful Odoo implementations since 2020, he ensures tailored solutions for businesses across industries. With more than 20 years of experience in leadership, project management, and business consulting, Mudassir is passionate about empowering others. He offers PMP Certification courses with a 100% success rate, along with leadership coaching to help professionals unlock their potential. As a mentor, Mudassir supports aspiring leaders in building essential skills, including team building, communication, and soft skills. His mentorship prepares professionals to tackle career challenges confidently. Beyond consulting, Mudassir is a dynamic speaker and host. He conducts webinars, conferences, and podcasts, including *TechTalk with Mudassir* and *Elevate to Leadership*, sharing insights on technology, leadership, and career growth. Through his writing platform, *My Corner!*, he reflects on two decades of professional experience, offering practical advice and thought leadership on topics like ERP, digital transformation, and project management. Mudassir is also the founder of Know Your Project (KYP), an IT consulting and training firm. He has led global digital transformation projects in industries like finance, manufacturing, telecom, and logistics, with deep expertise in BPR, IT governance, and ERP strategy using platforms like Oracle, SAP, Microsoft Dynamics, and Odoo. Join Mudassir’s journey as he continues to shape leaders, drive operational excellence, and inspire meaningful change across industries.

Project management, Program management and Portfolio management: PMP/CAPM