Mudassir Iqbal

Story Map, User Story Mapping

In the context of Agile methodology, a story map or user story mapping is a visual representation of user stories or product features arranged in a hierarchical or chronological order. It helps agile teams to plan and prioritize their work by providing a high-level overview of the product’s functionality and user journeys. Think of it […]

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KANO Model

The Kano Model is a technique for classifying customer requirements or features into five categories: Must-Have, One-Dimensional, Attractive, Indifferent, and Dysfunctional. Functional answers are features that customers expect and appreciate when present, leading to satisfaction when fulfilled. These features meet basic requirements and contribute to the overall functionality and performance of the product. Dysfunctional answers, […]

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Risk Mitigation Strategies

Risk mitigation strategies are measures and actions taken to minimize the potential impact and likelihood of risks. These strategies are designed to reduce vulnerabilities, prevent risks from occurring, or mitigate their consequences if they do occur. Five risk mitigation strategies with examples Negative Risk/Threat Positive Risk/ Opportunities Escalate Escalate Avoid Exploit Transfer Share Mitigate Enhance […]

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Product Roadmap

A product roadmap is a document that outlines the goals, features, and timeline for a product. It is used to communicate the product’s vision to stakeholders and to track progress over time. A product roadmap is a high-level action plan that outlines the vision, direction, and progress of a product over time. It’s a strategic […]

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Value Engineering aka Value Analysis

Value engineering is a systematic approach to improving the value of a product, system, or service by identifying and eliminating unnecessary costs without sacrificing functionality. Value engineering can be applied to a wide range of projects, from new product development to facility renovations. It can be used to reduce costs, improve quality, or shorten delivery […]

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Point of Total Assumption (PTA)

The Point of Total Assumption (PTA) is the point above which the seller starts assuming the cost of the contracted work The point of total assumption (PTA) is a point on the cost line of the profit-cost curve determined by the contract elements associated with a fixed price plus incentive-Firm Target (FPI) contract above which the seller effectively bears all the costs of a cost overrun.  In the contract, the buyer agrees […]

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Payback Period, Sunk Cost and Opportunity Cost

The payback period is the length of time required to recover the cost of an investment. Sunk costs are costs that have already been incurred and cannot be recovered. Opportunity cost is the cost of forgoing one option for another Payback Period: The payback period is a financial metric that calculates the time it takes […]

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Cost Benefit Analysis

A Cost Benefit Analysis or benefit/cost analysis is a process of determining the pros and cons of any process, product, or activity or simply whether the benefits of a project or decision outweigh its costs Advantages of CBA Cost-benefit analysis is an effective decision-making tool that relies on data-driven research specific to a problem, considering […]

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Market Structure (based on Competition)

Market structures vary based on the level of competition, ranging from the perfect competition where many buyers and sellers exist to the monopoly where one seller dominates the market. What is Market Structure? Market structure, in economics, refers to how different industries are classified and differentiated based on their degree and nature of competition for […]

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